GBP/EUR is sliding as UK–German 2-year bond dynamics turn against sterling, pushing the pair to fresh 29-month lows.
Pound down 0.40% on the day to 1.1348, marking fresh 29-month lows view live rate.
Sterling weakness is broad-based across major peers and has intensified over the past 48 hours.
UK 2-year yield has fallen to 3.766% while Germany’s 2-year has risen toward 1.978%, narrowing the UK–DE spread.
Driving the news
The clue lies with falling short-dated bond yields in the UK relative to Germany.
For currency markets, it is the change in yields that matters – when UK yields fall faster than German yields, the spread compresses and GBP tends to underperform.
Reminder: A bond’s yield is its effective interest rate – capital tends to flow to where yields are higher, so a shrinking UK advantage redirects flows toward the euro.
"Sterling proving the major underperformer. The reassessment of immediate rate cut expectations resulted in EUR/GBP taking out the previous 2025 year-to-date high at 0.8769, opening the way for 0.8835," says Jeremy Stretch, CIBC Capital Markets. (EUR/GBP 0.8835 implies GBP/EUR ≈ 1.1320.)
Why 2-year yields are moving
Central bank rates drive the front end. The drop in UK 2-year yields signals markets are upping bets on Bank of England cuts.
Trigger 1 – Softer prices: UK shop price inflation eased to 1.0% in October from 1.4% in September (BRC), the first decline after seven months of rises - easing inflation fears.
Trigger 2 – Fiscal squeeze: Reports of a budget shortfall of £30bn+ flag a tax-tightening package next month, a growth headwind that would reinforce BoE easing expectations.
So what does this mean for the pound?
"We stay negative on GBP," says Kirstine Kundby-Nielsen at Danske Bank, arguing that meaningful fiscal tightening would weigh on growth and likely prompt more substantial BoE easing.
Danske targets EUR/GBP 0.89 in 12 months - equivalent to GBP/EUR ≈ 1.1235. See how Danske's forecast compares with the consensus of investment bank peers for the next 3 to 12 months..
What to watch
UK–DE 2-year spread - further compression favours EUR, a re-widening would relieve GBP pressure.
UK fiscal headlines - concrete details on tax rises and spending plans will shape growth and rate expectations.
Inflation updates - confirmation that price pressures are fading would harden bets on earlier BoE cuts.
As the UK’s short-rate advantage narrows against Germany, GBP/EUR is likely to stay under pressure until yield dynamics turn.